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Biogeochemical and Microbial Variation across 5500 km of Antarctic Surface Sediment Implicates Organic Matter as a Driver of Benthic Community Structure


Metadata FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributorScott Santos, santosr@auburn.eduen_US
dc.creatorLearman, Deric R
dc.creatorHenson, Michael W.
dc.creatorThrash, J. Cameron
dc.creatorTemperton, Ben
dc.creatorBrannock, Pamela M
dc.creatorSantos, Scott R
dc.creatorMahon, Andrew R
dc.creatorHalanych, Kenneth M
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-29T22:04:50Z
dc.date.available2019-04-29T22:04:50Z
dc.date.created2016
dc.identifier10.3389/fmicb.2016.00284en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00284/fullen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11200/49389
dc.description.abstractWestern Antarctica, one of the fastest warming locations on Earth, is a unique environment that is underexplored with regards to biodiversity. Although pelagic microbial communities in the Southern Ocean and coastal Antarctic waters have been well-studied, there are fewer investigations of benthic communities and most have a focused geographic range. We sampled surface sediment from 24 sites across a 5500 km region of Western Antarctica (covering the Ross Sea to the Weddell Sea) to examine relationships between microbial communities and sediment geochemistry. Sequencing of the 16S and 18S rRNA genes showed microbial communities in sediments from the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) and Western Antarctica (WA), including the Ross, Amundsen, and Bellingshausen Seas, could be distinguished by correlations with organic matter concentrations and stable isotope fractionation (total organic carbon; TOC, total nitrogen; TN, and δ(13)C). Overall, samples from the AP were higher in nutrient content (TOC, TN, and NH4 (+)) and communities in these samples had higher relative abundances of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) classified as the diatom, Chaetoceros, a marine cercozoan, and four OTUs classified as Flammeovirgaceae or Flavobacteria. As these OTUs were strongly correlated with TOC, the data suggests the diatoms could be a source of organic matter and the Bacteroidetes and cercozoan are grazers that consume the organic matter. Additionally, samples from WA have lower nutrients and were dominated by Thaumarchaeota, which could be related to their known ability to thrive as lithotrophs. This study documents the largest analysis of benthic microbial communities to date in the Southern Ocean, representing almost half the continental shoreline of Antarctica, and documents trophic interactions and coupling of pelagic and benthic communities. Our results indicate potential modifications in carbon sequestration processes related to change in community composition, identifying a prospective mechanism that links climate change to carbon availability.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.format.extent11Pagesen_US
dc.publisherNSF Antarctic Program:AM, KH and SS, Central Michigan University Faculty Research and Creative Endeavors(FRCE) Committee and College of Science and Technology.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Microbiologyen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries1664-302Xen_US
dc.rights© 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectAntarcticaen_US
dc.subjectbenthic communitiesen_US
dc.subjectaquatic microbiologyen_US
dc.subjectbiogeochemistryen_US
dc.subjectmicrobial ecologyen_US
dc.titleBiogeochemical and Microbial Variation across 5500 km of Antarctic Surface Sediment Implicates Organic Matter as a Driver of Benthic Community Structureen_US
dc.typeCollectionen_US
dc.type.genreJournal Article, Academic Journalen_US
dc.citation.volume7en_US
dc.description.statusPublisheden_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US

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