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Contrasting evolution of virulence and replication rate in an emerging bacterial pathogen


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dc.contributorGeoffrey Hill, hillgee@auburn.eduen_US
dc.creatorTardy, Luc
dc.creatorGiraudeau, Mathieu
dc.creatorHill, Geoffrey E.
dc.creatorMcGraw, Kevin J.
dc.creatorBonneaud, Camille
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-26T00:11:30Z
dc.date.available2020-05-26T00:11:30Z
dc.date.created2019
dc.identifier10.1073/pnas.1901556116en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.pnas.org/content/116/34/16927en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11200/49812
dc.description.abstractHost resistance through immune clearance is predicted to favor pathogens that are able to transmit faster and are hence more virulent. Increasing pathogen virulence is, in turn, typically assumed to be mediated by increasing replication rates. However, experiments designed to test how pathogen virulence and replication rates evolve in response to increasing host resistance, as well as the relationship between the two, are rare and lacking for naturally evolving host-pathogen interactions. We inoculated 55 isolates of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, collected over 20 y from outbreak, into house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus) from disease-unexposed populations, which have not evolved protective immunity to M. gallisepticum. We show using 3 different metrics of virulence (body mass loss, symptom severity, and putative mortality rate) that virulence has increased linearly over > 150,000 bacterial generations since outbreak (1994 to 2015). By contrast, while replication rates increased from outbreak to the initial spread of resistance (1994 to 2004), no further increases have occurred subsequently (2007 to 2015). Finally, as a consequence, we found that any potential mediating effect of replication rate on virulence evolution was restricted to the period when host resistance was initially increasing in the population. Taken together, our results show that pathogen virulence and replication rates can evolve independently, particularly after the initial spread of host resistance. We hypothesize that the evolution of pathogen virulence can be driven primarily by processes such as immune manipulation after resistance spreads in host populations.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.publisherNATL ACAD SCIENCESen_US
dc.relation.ispartofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americaen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries0027-8424en_US
dc.rights© 2020. This is the version of record published by National Academy of Sciences and is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Item should be cited as: Item should be cited as: Tardy, L., Giraudeau, M., Hill, G.E., McGraw, K.J. and Bonneaud, C., 2019. Contrasting evolution of virulence and replication rate in an emerging bacterial pathogen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(34), pp.16927-16932.en_US
dc.subjectbacteria; emerging infectious disease; evolution of resistance; evolution of virulence; pathogen loaden_US
dc.subjectIN-HOUSE FINCHES; MYCOPLASMA-GALLISEPTICUM INFECTION; CARPODACUS-MEXICANUS; MYXOMA VIRUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRADE-OFF; DISEASE; RESISTANCE; MALARIAen_US
dc.titleContrasting evolution of virulence and replication rate in an emerging bacterial pathogenen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dc.type.genreJournal Article, Academic Journalen_US
dc.citation.volume116en_US
dc.citation.issue34en_US
dc.citation.spage16927en_US
dc.citation.epage16932en_US
dc.description.statusPublisheden_US
dc.creator.orcid0000-0001-8864-6495en_US

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