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The ion temperature gradient: An intrinsic property of Earth's magnetotail


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dc.contributorYu Lin, linyu01@auburn.eduen_US
dc.creatorLu, San
dc.creatorArtemyev, A. V.
dc.creatorAngelopoulos, Vassilis
dc.creatorLin, Yu
dc.creatorWang, Xueyi
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-01T18:28:17Z
dc.date.available2020-06-01T18:28:17Z
dc.date.created2017-07
dc.identifier10.1002/2017JA024209en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017JA024209en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11200/49833
dc.description.abstractAlthough the ion temperature gradient along (X GSM) and across (Z GSM) the Earth's magnetotail, which plays a key role in generating the cross‐tail current and establishing pressure balance with the lobes, has been extensively observed by spacecraft, the mechanism responsible for its formation is still unknown. We use multispacecraft observations and three‐dimensional (3‐D) global hybrid simulations to reveal this mechanism. Using THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms), Geotail, and ARTEMIS (Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun) observations during individual, near‐simultaneous plasma sheet crossings from 10 to 60 R E , we demonstrate that the ion temperature Z GSM profile is bell‐shaped at different geocentric distances. This Z GSM profile is also prevalent in statistics of ~200 THEMIS current sheet crossings in the near‐Earth region. Using 3‐D global hybrid simulations, we show that mapping of the X GSM gradient of ion temperature along magnetic field lines produces such a bell‐shaped profile. The ion temperature mapping along magnetic field lines in the magnetotail enables construction of two‐dimensional distributions of these quantities from vertical (north‐south) spacecraft crossings. Our findings suggest that the ion temperature gradient is an intrinsic property of the magnetotail that should be considered in kinetic descriptions of the magnetotail current sheet. Toward this goal, we use theoretical approaches to incorporate the temperature gradient into kinetic current sheet models, making them more realistic.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.publisherAMER GEOPHYSICAL UNIONen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physicsen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries2169-9380en_US
dc.subjectmagnetotail; ion temperatureen_US
dc.subjectTHIN CURRENT SHEETS; PLASMA SHEET; DIPOLARIZATION FRONTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; CLUSTER OBSERVATIONS; DISTANT MAGNETOTAIL; GEOMAGNETIC TAIL; GEOTAIL; DISTRIBUTIONSen_US
dc.titleThe ion temperature gradient: An intrinsic property of Earth's magnetotailen_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dc.type.genreJournal Article, Academic Journalen_US
dc.citation.volume122en_US
dc.citation.issue8en_US
dc.citation.spage8295en_US
dc.citation.epage8309en_US
dc.description.statusPublisheden_US
dc.creator.orcid0000-0001-8003-9252en_US
dc.creator.orcid0000-0001-5533-5981en_US

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