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Small-scale land-use variability affects Anopheles spp. distribution and concomitant Plasmodium infection in humans and mosquito vectors in southeastern Madagascar


Metadata FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributorSarah Zohdy, smz0003@auburn.eduen_US
dc.creatorZohdy, Sarah
dc.creatorDerfus, Kristin
dc.creatorHeadrick, Emily G.
dc.creatorAndrianjafy, Mbolatiana Tovo
dc.creatorWright, Patricia C.
dc.creatorGillespie, Thomas R.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-11T06:02:14Z
dc.date.available2022-03-11T06:02:14Z
dc.date.created2016
dc.identifier10.1186/s12936-016-1164-2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://malariajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12936-016-1164-2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://aurora.auburn.edu/handle/11200/50043
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.35099/aurora-112
dc.description.abstractBackground: Deforestation and land-use change have the potential to alter human exposure to malaria. A large percentage of Madagascar's original forest cover has been lost to slash-and-burn agriculture, and malaria is one of the top causes of mortality on the island. In this study, the influence of land-use on the distribution of Plasmodium vectors and concomitant Plasmodium infection in humans and mosquito vectors was examined in the southeastern rainforests of Madagascar. Methods: From June to August 2013, health assessments were conducted on individuals living in sixty randomly selected households in six villages bordering Ranomafana National Park. Humans were screened for malaria using species-specific rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and surveyed about insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) usage. Concurrently, mosquitoes were captured in villages and associated forest and agricultural sites. All captured female Anopheline mosquitoes were screened for Plasmodium spp. using a circumsporozoite enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (csELISA). Results: Anopheles spp. dominated the mosquito communities of agricultural and village land-use sites, accounting for 41.4 and 31.4 % of mosquitoes captured respectively, whereas Anopheles spp. accounted for only 1.6 % of mosquitoes captured from forest sites. Interestingly, most Anopheles spp. (67.7 %) were captured in agricultural sites in close proximity to animal pens, and 90.8 % of Anopheles mosquitoes captured in agricultural sites were known vectors of malaria. Three Anopheline mosquitoes (0.7 %) were positive for malaria (Plasmodium vivax-210) and all positive mosquitoes were collected from agricultural or village land-use sites. Ten humans (3.7 %) tested were positive for P. falciparum, and 23.3 % of those surveyed reported never sleeping under ITNs. Conclusions: This study presents the first report of malaria surveillance in humans and the environment in southeastern Madagascar. These findings suggest that even during the winter, malaria species are present in both humans and mosquitoes; with P. falciparum found in humans, and evidence of P. vivax-210 in mosquito vectors. The presence of P. vivax in resident vectors, but not humans may relate to the high incidence of humans lacking the Duffy protein. The majority of mosquito vectors were found in agricultural land-use sites, in particular near livestock pens. These findings have the potential to inform and improve targeted malaria control and prevention strategies in the region.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.publisherBMCen_US
dc.relation.ispartofMALARIA JOURNALen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries1475-2875en_US
dc.rightsThis is the version of record published by BMC and is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license. Item should be cited as: Zohdy, S., Derfus, K., Headrick, E. G., Andrianjafy, M. T., Wright, P. C., & Gillespie, T. R. (2016). Small-scale land-use variability affects Anopheles spp. distribution and concomitant Plasmodium infection in humans and mosquito vectors in southeastern Madagascar. Malaria journal, 15(1), 1-9.en_US
dc.subjectDisturbance ecologyen_US
dc.subjectIfanadiana Districten_US
dc.subjectPlasmodium falciparumen_US
dc.subjectPlasmodium vivaxen_US
dc.subjectBed neten_US
dc.subjectMALARIAen_US
dc.subjectDEFORESTATIONen_US
dc.subjectZOOPROPHYLAXISen_US
dc.subjectTRANSMISSIONen_US
dc.subjectGAMBIAEen_US
dc.titleSmall-scale land-use variability affects Anopheles spp. distribution and concomitant Plasmodium infection in humans and mosquito vectors in southeastern Madagascaren_US
dc.typeTexten_US
dc.type.genreJournal Article, Academic Journalen_US
dc.citation.volume15en_US
dc.citation.issue1en_US
dc.citation.spage1en_US
dc.citation.epage9en_US
dc.description.statusPublisheden_US
dc.description.peerreviewYesen_US
dc.creator.orcid0000-0001-5316-0567en_US

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